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A saggar is a type of kiln furniture.〔New Ideas And Proven Solutions For Kiln Furniture Made From Cordierite And Oxide Ceramics. W.Haase & L.Sedda. Ceramic Forum International. Ber.DKG 76, No.7, 1999.〕〔Saggar Plants In Tableware Production. G. Sper. Interkeram. 41, No.8, 1989.〕〔A.Dodd & D.Murfin. Dictionary Of Ceramics; 3rd ed. The Institute of Minerals. 1994.〕 It is ceramic, boxlike container used in the firing of pottery to enclose or protect ware being fired inside a kiln. Traditionally, saggars were made primarily from fireclay.〔'A Study of the Properties of Saggar Mixtures. Part XVIII: The Use of Fused Silica as Grog in Saggar Mixes.' White R.P, Rigby G.R. ''British Ceramic Research Association''.RP13. 1948〕〔'Kiln Furniture Mixes Containing Highly Refractory Grog'. White R.P, Rigby G.R. ''British Ceramic Research Association''. RP161. 1952〕 Saggars have been used to protect, or safeguard, ware from open flame, smoke, gases and kiln debris:〔http://www.ironbridge.org.uk/learning/resources/resources/ccm.pdf.〕 the name is a contraction of the word ''safeguard''.〔'The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology'. T.F. Hoad. Oxford University Press. 1996. Retrieved October 14, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-saggar.html〕 Their use is widespread, including in China, Korea,〔http://www.clickkorea.org/arts/curator/file/1-6_A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Korean%20Ceramics.pdf〕 Japan and the United Kingdom. Saggars are still used in the production of ceramics to shield ware from the direct contact of flames and from damage by kiln debris.〔'Extending The Useful Life Of Saggars'. Karpova N.G., Voitovich V.A. ''Glass and Ceramics''. Vol. 37, No 12. 1980〕〔http://amic.biz/Data%20Brochure/AMI%20Kiln%20Furniture%20%28Cordierite-Mullite-Corundum%29.pdf.〕〔http://www.ikf-solutions.com/pdf/KF%20for%20TC%20CFI%20April09.pdf.〕 Modern saggars are made of alumina ceramic, cordierite ceramic, mullite ceramic and silicon carbide.〔'Development Trend Of Dense Alumina Saggar For Electric Materials'. Hayashi K. ''Ceram. Jap.'' 38, No.8, 2003. pg.561-563〕〔'Silicon Carbide Sagar For Firing Non-oxide Ceramics.' Sakaguchi M., Taskeshita S., Hirota T., Aratani K., Kawakami T. ''Refractories in the Ceramics Industry. Aachen Proc., 32nd Int.Colloquium on Refractories Aachen'', 12–13 October 1989, pg.75-78 Verlag Schmid GmbH〕 ==Staffordshire potbanks== By far the largest number of UK pottery manufacturers were based in and around Stoke-on-Trent in a region known as The Potteries. Their businesses, locally known as potbanks, fired their wares in distinctive bottle ovens. At the turn of the twentieth century over 4,000 of these were in use, although by 2014 only 47 survive, all of which are no longer in production but are listed buildings. The saggars were used for the biscuit and the glost firing. They were expected to last for about 40 firings; each potbank made their own in a saggar-making workshop. Saggars were made from fireclay, by a ''saggar-maker'' and two assistants: the ''frame-maker'' and the ''bottom-knocker''. The frame-maker beat the clay into a sheet on a metal table using a large mallet, the ''mow'' or ''mawl''. Using a ''frame'' he would cut it to size, sprinkle it with ''sawdust'' and wrap it round a wooden block to make the walls. The frame-maker was usually an apprentice in his late teens. The bottom-knocker, usually a boy in his early teens, did the same on a smaller scale, constructing the round or banjo-shaped bottom. Again the mow was used to beat the air out of the clay and flatten the sheet. The saggar-maker was an experienced craftsman who paid his assistants out of his piece-work earnings: he took the bottom and the sides onto a wheel and using his thumbs joined the sides to the bottom.〔 The ''green'' saggars were dried and then placed on the top of bungs during the next firing of the kiln. The unfired ceramic ware was placed in saggars and then biscuit fired, before being glazed and again placed in saggars prior to being glost fired. Ware might then be decorated, and placed on refractory ''bats'' and fired again such as in a muffle kiln. A ''Saggar-Maker's Bottom-Knocker''〔http://www.adam-hart-davis.org/articles/Sagger-maker.htm〕 was a name considered sufficiently amusing for it to be featured on the television panel show What's My Line?.〔 (|Saggar making ) 〕 Whilst saggar-making was a skilled craft, bottom-knocking was far less skilled, consisting of beating clay into a metal ring.〔'Automatic Saggar Handling Plants'. Lippert J., GmBH & Co. ''Pressath'', 1991〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saggar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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